Proficiency in foreign languages is an important component of the military specialist competency. The training of highly qualified officers in military tertiary institutions is aimed at the comprehensive development of the personality and the formation of professional and universal competencies, among which communication competence plays an important role. The process of foreign language training in a military university is conditioned by the characteristics of the educational environment. The purpose of the work is to identify the specifics of teaching foreign languages in a military tertiary institution and determine how the military educational environment affects foreign language training. The study used the methods of analyzing the scientific literature, extrapolating the author's pedagogical experience, the expert survey method and categorical-symbolic methods of logic-sense modeling. A solar-radial model of the characteristics of the educational environment of a military tertiary institution was built, including eight rays: priority of up-bringing, training content, regulation, attributes, community, high loads, isolation and closure, extracurricular activities. The model allows you to quickly depict the specifics of a military tertiary institution that affects the learning process. Since foreign language training in a military university, due to the strict regulation of all activities and the closed regime of information use, has a number of contradictions, the process of foreign language training in a military tertiary institution is represented by a scheme of contradictions on two levels, called the Celtic Cross in the system-categorical methodology. The model displays the dialectic of the process of teaching a foreign language as a means of intercultural and professional communication. The influence of the regulated military educational environment on the process of foreign language training has both negative and positive features. On the one hand, the introduction of modern information technologies is slower in a conservative closed environment, but on the other hand, the stability and organization of a military tertiary institution leads to high indicators of planned results.