Verbal aggression as a form of communicative behavior in situations at risk of bullying
Introduction. Verbal aggression in bullying situations and at risk of its occurrence can take various forms and natures, often causing significant harm to the physical, mental, and social health of adolescents. Students who have been verbally bullied have difficulty establishing effective dialogue, communication, and maintaining relationships. The purpose of the work is to study the characteristics of verbal bullying as one of the forms of communicative behavior. Materials and Methods. The sample included 40 people. The study was conducted at Kursk State Medical University (20 people) and the Medical and Pharmaceutical College (20 people). Of these, 18 were boys and 22 were girls. The average age of respondents was 17 years. Psychological diagnostics were carried out using the following methods: the Questionnaire of the Atmosphere at School (A. A. Bochaver, V. B. Kuznetsova, E. M. Bianki et al.), the Classical Sociometry scales (Sociometric Test in School Practice) by M. Bityanova, the Social-Situational Anxiety scale by R. Kondash, the Psychodiagnostic Test (PDT) by V. Melnikov and L. Yampolsky, the Method for Identifying the 'Bullying Structure' by E. G. Norkina, the Method for Measuring Self-Esteem by Dembo-Rubinstein for Adolescents and Young Men, the Bass-Darki Hostility Questionnaire (Arnold Bass and Ann Darkie, adapted by S. N. Enikolopov). The results were processed using the STATISTICA 7.0 software product and the structural-functional method of A.V. Karpov. Research results. Among college students, there is a lack of clear role distribution, which is explained by the presence of physical and verbal aggression. This contrasts with university students, whose relationships are built on mutual respect and dialogue, and occasional disagreements are accepted with understanding, demonstrating an acceptance of diverse relationships. Conclusions. Verbal aggression as a form of communicative behavior in a bullying-risk situation is characteristic of the “victim”. Its characteristics include not only rudeness and carelessness in expressions and thoughtless speech, but also hostility, a negative, distrustful attitude toward others, and suspiciousness, which contribute to a change in their status and role position.
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